In the generation units of the PGE CG, electricity and heat production is primarily based on the combustion of hard coal, lignite, and small amounts of biomass (at the Dolna Odra Power Plant and in the District Heating segment: Czechnica, Szczecin, Kielce).
Other fuels used in the process include natural gas, municipal waste, as well as light and heavy fuel oils – mazut, classified as an auxiliary fuel.
Production resources also include all types of sorbents and other chemical substances used for emission reduction, which are consumed continuously in the production process.
Water is another key resource, used extensively in technological systems (water-steam cycles, cooling systems).
To improve the efficiency of fuel and other resource use, the PGE CG carries out equipment upgrades and overhauls to enhance operational performance and efficiency.
An additional resource, which can be viewed as inflow and outflow resource, used both within and outside the Group comprises accompanying minerals extracted alongside lignite, known as By-Products of Extraction (BPEs). These play an important role in maintaining a sustainable raw material and resource supply chain, and include limestone, lacustrine chalk, sands, clays, flint cobbles, and glacial erratics such as granitoids and other Scandinavian rocks. The management of these materials supports rational deposit use and Earth surface conservation.
The majority of resources processed by PGE Ekoserwis S.A. originate from PGE GiEK S.A. and the District Heating segment, thereby contributing to the closing of raw material loops (recirculation) within a sustainable supply chain. PGE Ekoserwis S.A. receives waste and by-products from combustion and transforms them into products using its proprietary formulations and product sheets. These include engineering materials (e.g. road base layers, soil stabilisation agents), aggregates, mining binders, and fertilisers.
An additional circular economy initiative within the PGE CG is ZOWER sp. z o.o., which focuses on the recovery of high-quality aggregates, elimination of combustible organic matter, and rehabilitation of degraded post-mining areas for future use.
In the renewable energy area, Circular Economy efforts focus particularly on water and oil management at hydroelectric and pumped-storage power plants.